LER 565, Week 1 — Introduction to Strategic Thinking and HR

Accessible text version of a thirteen-slide presentation. Each heading below is one slide, in order.

Slide 1 of 13: Title slide

LER 565, Week 1: Introduction to Strategic Thinking and HR. Instructor: Ryan Lamare.

Slide 2 of 13: A Few Key Assumptions

Five assumptions frame the course. Strategy is everywhere. You must consider others. Self-interest is rational. HR is strategic. General strategy shapes HR strategy.

Slide 3 of 13: How to Think about Strategy

Strategy is studied across three traditions: business schools, labour relations, and economics. This course is a hybrid that sits at their intersection.

Slide 4 of 13: A Little about HR and Strategy

HR has shifted from an administrative function to a source of strategic advantage. Each week, we will tie key strategic elements back to HR.

Slide 5 of 13: Digging Deeper into HR

Two routes are usually offered. Best practices: a universal, one-size-fits-all approach. Best fit: an approach matched to the firm's values and culture. Most managerial thinking on HR stops here.

Slide 6 of 13: Game Theory as a Key Tool

Game theory adds five ideas. Consider the other side. It is never a unilateral decision; it is a broader game. It combines economics and psychology, and mixes art and science. Everyone has strategies and payoffs. Everyone tries to give their best response to others.

Slide 7 of 13: Applying Game Theory to the HR Context

Two of many applications. First: HR trapped in a cycle of bad policies is a prisoner's dilemma, which settles at a single equilibrium, marked with a red ring. Second: HR and management needing to align is a coordination game, which has two equilibria, shown as two rings. Recognising that every player pursues self-interest gives power and respect to overlooked actors in HR.

Slide 8 of 13: Pros and Cons of Game Theory

On balance. Pros: it explains real behaviour and crosses every discipline. Cons: it relies on mechanistic assumptions and is often better in theory than in practice.

Slide 9 of 13: The Common Knowledge Requirement

Game theory assumes mutual awareness: each side's choices affect them both, and each side knows that the other knows it. Related media: "A Common Knowledge Example" (canvas.illinois.edu).

Slide 10 of 13: Finding Equilibrium

An equilibrium is the cell where neither side wants to switch. There is not always only one equilibrium, and it is not always optimal. Related media: "The Battle of Wits" (canvas.illinois.edu), the equilibrium when one side knows the truth.

Slide 11 of 13: Types of Games We'll Cover

Games vary along four axes: sequential versus simultaneous; zero-sum versus non-zero-sum; single play versus repeat play; complete information versus incomplete information.

Slide 12 of 13: Game Theory Is a Weird Tool: Some Paradoxes

Five counter-intuitive results. One: it is better to be third than first or second. Two: the leader should imitate the follower. Three: success can mean letting competitors win. Four: tying your hands gives you power. Five: not playing can mean winning.

Slide 13 of 13: Where We Land, and What’s Next

Where we land, and what comes next. Week 1 gave us two things: the strategic lens — it is never a unilateral decision, so always read the other side; and game theory, with its players, payoffs, and equilibrium. These are the lens; next we start solving real games. Next week: sequential and zero-sum strategies and their applications to HR.